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Course Overview

Journey through eight centuries of Islamic civilization in the Iberian Peninsula, from the initial conquest in 711 CE to the fall of Granada in 1492. This comprehensive course examines the political, social, and intellectual evolution of al-Andalus.

We explore Andalusi Muslim political theory and decline theories, including Ibn Khaldun’s cyclical framework, while connecting these historical insights to contemporary discourse on civilization and governance.

I become fixed when I touch the top!

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const target = document.querySelector('.static-div');

const observer = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
entries.forEach(entry => {
if (entry.isIntersecting) {
target.classList.add('fixed');
} else {
target.classList.remove('fixed');
}
});
}, {
threshold: 0.1 // thoda sa portion bhi visible ho to trigger ho
});

observer.observe(target);
</script>